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EMCCDs Article Electron Multiplying Charge-Coupled Devices (EMCCDs)

By incorporating on-chip multiplication gain, the electron multiplying CCD achieves, in an all solid-state sensor, the single-photon detection sensitivity typical of intensified or electron-bombarded CCDs at much lower cost and without compromising the quantum efficiency and resolution characteristics of the conventional CCD structure.

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Mitochondria and the Endoplasmic Reticulum

First discovered through the use of a light microscope in the 1800s, mitochondria are found in almost all eukaryotes: animals, protists, and even fungi. The scientists who first observed these organelles, because of the way they appeared under the microscope, termed them mitochondria after the Greek words for "granule" and "thread". This break-through led to our current understanding of the functioning of the mitochondrion. In the digital videos presented in this section, a human osteosarcoma cell (U2OS line) is co-expressing DsRed fluorescent protein fused to an endoplasmic reticulum targeting signal and mEGFP fused to a mitochondrial targeting signal.

Video 1 - Run Time: 39 Seconds - The close interaction between EGFP-labeled mitochondria and DsRed-labeled endoplasmic reticulum is clearly visible in a U2OS cell. Choose a playback version: Streaming Video (8 MB), Progressive Download (8 MB), and MPEG Download (71 MB)

Video 2 - Run Time: 39 Seconds - The mitochondria in a U2OS cell are seen moving in and around the endoplasmic reticulum. Choose a playback version: Streaming Video (8 MB), Progressive Download (8 MB), and MPEG Download (71 MB)

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