By incorporating on-chip multiplication gain, the electron multiplying CCD achieves, in an all solid-state sensor, the single-photon detection sensitivity typical of intensified or electron-bombarded CCDs at much lower cost and without compromising the quantum efficiency and resolution characteristics of the conventional CCD structure.
Due to its relatively large size, the Golgi apparatus was one of the first organelles ever observed. In 1897, an Italian physician named Camillo Golgi, who was investigating the nervous system by using a new staining technique he developed (and which is still sometimes used today; known as Golgi staining or Golgi impregnation), observed in a sample under his light microscope, a cellular structure that he termed the "internal reticular apparatus." The digital videos presented in this section illustrate the interplay between mitochondria (labeled with DsRed fluorescent protein) and the Golgi complex (labeled with mEGFP) in Gray fox lung (FoLu line) fibroblast cells.
Video 1 - Run Time: 20 Seconds - The Golgi complex, adjacent to the nucleus, lies almost motionless in a sea of mobile mitochondria. Choose a playback version: Streaming Video (4 MB), Progressive Download (4 MB), and MPEG Download (17 MB)
Video 2 - Run Time: 18 Seconds - The Golgi complex in a FoLu cell is seen covering a very large area of the cell, surrounded on all sides by DsRed tagged mitochondria. Choose a playback version: Streaming Video (3.6 MB), Progressive Download (3.6 MB), and MPEG Download (17 MB)
Video 3 - Run Time: 38 Seconds - Activity can be seen in the mitochondria surrounding the Golgi bodies of a FoLu cell. Choose a playback version: Streaming Video (7 MB), Progressive Download (7 MB), and MPEG Download (17 MB)
Video 4 - Run Time: 10 Seconds - A single FoLu cell provides an overview of the positioning of the Golgi apparatus and mitochondria relative to the nucleus, and the cell at large. Choose a playback version: Streaming Video (2 MB), Progressive Download (2 MB), and MPEG Download (8 MB)
Video 5 - Run Time: 20 Seconds - Here we have an up close view of the Golgi apparatus, tucked against the cell's nucleus in the upper left hand corner. Choose a playback version: Streaming Video (4 MB), Progressive Download (4 MB), and MPEG Download (17 MB)