By incorporating on-chip multiplication gain, the electron multiplying CCD achieves, in an all solid-state sensor, the single-photon detection sensitivity typical of intensified or electron-bombarded CCDs at much lower cost and without compromising the quantum efficiency and resolution characteristics of the conventional CCD structure.
A log phase culture of Madin-Darby canine kidney cells was treated with MitoTracker Red CMXRos for one hour, fixed with paraformaldehyde, and counterstained with Hoechst 33258 to highlight the proximal relationship between mitochondria and the nucleus in these epithelial cells. Images were recorded in grayscale with a Hamamatsu ORCA-AG camera system coupled to an Olympus BX-51 microscope equipped with bandpass emission fluorescence filter optical blocks provided by Semrock. During the processing stage, individual image channels were pseudocolored with RGB values corresponding to each of the fluorophore emission spectral profiles.